ave you ever wondered how to extend the lifetime of your battery? Or perhaps reduce the electricity consumption at your home? Shutting off the machine is not the only option, as the remainder of this item explains with particular emphasis on state-preserving energy-saving schemes.

Most idle computers enter the screen saver mode after a certain, pre-defined period of time (some readers will prefer “screensaver” as one word, like “screenshot”) . Screen savers are by large the default and most common scheme, but it does not preserve much energy. As a matter of fact, with some of today’s screen savers, even more power is consumed when they are run. Resource-hogging screen savers, which make use of hardware acceleration, are among the most poplar too. Call it office vanity if you like, but that is an issue for another day.

At the end of the previous decade we began to see monitors that were more energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly. They supported auto-shutoff schemes and consumed less electricity than predecessors even though their size grew. With today’s TFT screens, things continue to improve.

Laptop sales in the States exceeded sales of desktop last year, so they are definitely here to stay (and expand). Due to the nature of laptops and their pricy batteries, energy saving in laptops is worth greater attention.

Stand-by mode is a popular energy saving scheme, which results in an idle system state, but the user would be killing off expensive batteries by opting for stand-by. The big pro is the quick wake-up time. You will frequently be advised not to use stand-by mode unless you leave your laptop connected to the socket or return shortly. With stand-by as standard, you will opt for data retention on RAM, which uses up power. Come back after a few days, and your battery might be flat. Sources I can recall claim that a battery in the body of the laptop never benefits, even if the laptop is bound to a source of electricity. Then fluctuation between 90% and 100% battery capacity also appears to be unhealthy.

As opposed to stand-by, another scheme exists which is called hibernation. Hibernation will mirror the memory and place it on non-volatile magnetic storage device — the hard drive. Maintenance of laptop batteries sums up as a whole ‘bible’ on its own and will not be discussed further for the time being. Overall, battery drainage depends on memory, laptop’s architecture, O/S and battery’s capacity (or type). The user can experiment to determine the battery’s lifetime. However, such a curious user often assumes that the battery meter shows depletion linearly, which is rare.

Also worth mentioning are mechanisms by which hard-drive rotation stops whenever operations involving the disk appear unnecessary. Moreover, there are schemes such as the lowering brightness (laptops and PDA‘s in particular), which is also a phase that is invoked automatically. When the user presses no key (or taps the screen) for some period of time, brightness (or backlight) is significantly lowered.

Lower consumption of power in desktop computer does not just cut the bill, but also has positive effects on our environment. This argument is boosted particularly today as we hear about global warming and its impact in Siberia. In terms of security, switching off of our computers has often been advised to Windows users, who are exposed to more attacking attempts (last critical patch two days ago). Likewise, in large computer clusters, switching off is an issue that extends beyond energy savings. It prevents accumulation of zombies across computer clusters worldwide.

or those who have not followed the headlines, Apple ditched their IBM processors and made a decision to sidle next to Intel. Since Intel represent a Microsoft monopoly to most (most latterly the DRM outrage), the move resulted in flames, as well as isolated loud voices of support.

Quickly after the move, Michael Dell showed interest in shipping Dell boxes with Mac OS X. Steve Jobs (Apple co-founder, CEO) declined any such requests, probably since Apple wish to cash in on overpriced hardware. Yet, quite inevitably, hackers have successfully taken the Intel (x86 architecture) version of Mac OS X and made it possible to install Mac OS X on any box. Consequently, there are many Mac OS bit torrents on the Net at the moment. Some say it is exactly what Apple had at the back of their minds, but Apple strongly deny it, as do other skeptics including myself.

KDE‘s Konqueror menu bar

Firefox menu bar
Firefox is Mac OSX-themed (Download/install)

t is no secret that various software vendors use similar conventions for menu layouts, icons and so forth. As an instance, have a look at the one-to-one correspondence in the screenshots above (Edit, View, Go, Bookmarks, Tools, Help) where even menu accelerators are identical. It is inevitably so because consistency needs to prevail. Users who moves from one piece of software to another must be able to re-orientate quickly by identifying familiar phrases and labels (terminology) or images.

What impact does that have on innovation and diversity though? The most rational interface will not necessary make it easiest for the user to adapt to. For example, Windows users are accustomed to going to “Start” when they want to End the current session. Is that not preposterous? Yet, if this convetion gets changed, this will probably result in confusion.

Software that is most usable is one which implements control interfaces that most users are familiar with. Familiarity of the novice users is influenced by high-impact software such as Windows or Photoshop. Due to the nature of this trend, imitation becomes easier to claim. In fact, this would be one reason for the scare among anti-software patents activists. The main sufferer would be the user who needs to master different distinct interfaces and ends up in a lock-in situation, whereby migration between software packages become an ardonous experience.

Finally, let us consider a practical example where the damage of patents is apparent. Xerox sued Palm for the use of Graffiti — a one-stroke method for inputting text, which they claimed they had patented. As a result, Graffiti 2 (see criticism) emerged so Palm users had to throw away years of experience, learning a new ‘handwriting’ method, which involved 2 strokes rather than just one.

mericans can take advantage of a database/map of nearby Wi-Fi HotSpots. This Web site, WiFiMaps.com, is of course far from ethically acceptable. Perhaps it will force system administrator to finally change the default, out-of-the-box settings on their routers. It is amazing how penetrable Wi-Fi connections have become.

Related links: (external)

• WEPCrack
• How To Crack WEP
• Cracking WPA

The links above are posted as a word of caution. You must ensure that you are not exposed to such hacks, which probably affect old devices the most.

Would you believe that a base unit with a monitor can be sold for as little as $225? Although there is no mentioning of the O/S and software that is included, buyers can get it all for a mere pittance in India. There are some amazing offers in westernised countries as well. In the UK, for example, a Linux box can be as cheap as 140 pounds ($247) plus tax, albeit it does not include a monitor. From the article in the BBC:

India’s first low-cost personal computer has been launched in the Tamil Nadu state capital, Madras.

Designed by IT firm HCL Infosystems, it is priced at 9,990 rupees ($225) and includes all the basic features required for a first-time user.

There is no mentioning of which operating system is used; the acronym PC is no indicator either.

This picture was funnier when Windows Vista was still called Longhorn

t was roughly a decade ago when a mysterious journalism trend emerged. All of a sudden, in a matter of a few years, major newspapers began to migrate their content to the Internet and shield their on-line popularity. A frantic stampede — that was — to what would become the future of journalism. Editors came to realise that it was only a matter of time before readers would take advantage of technology. This new form of publication had very many conceivable advantages:

• Being able to isolate uninteresting bits from the unmissable (content tailoring)
• Ability to save article (electronic storage)
• Reduction in cost (physical properties)
• The ability to share articles with friends and colleagues (reproducibility)
• Being able to performs searches (indexing technology)

Whatever gains one can imagine, most likely computers will have them. So, paper was bound to become obsolete sooner or later.

Several years later, particularly in the beginning of this millennium, blogs (Web logs) began to emerge. Suddenly, people had easy access to powerful publication platforms. The growth of blogs in terms of number and amount of content was explosive and their extent soon became excessive. How could a mainstream newspaper keep up with blogs and attract the masses? Journalists became threatened. Later came he feeds frenzy, which unlike blogs, has not reached its anti-climax, yet. Soon enough, operating systems (as we know them) might be put aside in favour of on-line operating systems. So who will be the next victim if not Microsoft? And who will it be that inherits the Earth? Google and Yahoo are among the contenders. For Microsoft, who have made many enemies, the last resort has become software patents, which they are piling up like connonballs for application at the Patents Office.

Slow movement towards on-line data management has been well-comprehended by all fronts. Microsoft attempt to conquer the Net as they are investing a heavy load of resources to reach that goal. From this site alone, MSNBot fetched 13968 pages, trailing by just a decent margin behind Google with 20627 pages in the month of July. Without a doubt, Microsoft have gained plenty of bandwidth and computer power.

It was not long ago that Bill Gates gave his engineers just 100 days to steal Google’s idea of AJAX-enabled maps (satellite and hybrid maps too). In response to Mozilla Firefox, which kept Microsoft on their toes, a decision was make to update rusty Internet Explorer 6 and leap to Internet Explorer 7. Not surprisingly, many ideas were stolen from Firefox, which was considered the main danger at the time.

Later on, Microsoft decided to embed RSS support in the kernel of Windows Vista (formerly Longhorn). Again, this step was taken in order to compensate for the considerable lag behind some recent technologies. Gates et al. were then scheming to buy off popular bloggers — a shrewd idea due to general Microsoft disdain in popular and influential blogspheres. The main complaints of bloggers, along with some major voices in the media, was the lack of inter-operability, being proof that Microsoft are patronising the rest of the IT world with utter platform discrimination. They simply fail to internalise that it is nice to be important, but even more important to be nice (open).

intendo’s profits are down by nearly 80% so worries about Nintendo’s vocation begin to resurface. The giant game maker has high sentimental value to many, including myself. Above is a screenshot that I took weeks ago while playing the classis Mario series from Nintendo.

Returning to the dysphoric news:

Reuters Japan passes on word from Nintendo of a 78.5% reduction in operating profits for the quarter ending June 30. Speculation from the news service on the reason for the drop makes perfect sense – the GameCube doesn’t have enough exclusives, first-party and third-party, and sales of GBA SP and GameCube have been declining.